| 单词 | 心理上 |
| 释义 | 〔dissolve〕To cause to break down emotionally or psychologically; upset.使沮丧：使在情感上或心理上失去控制；使不安〔psych〕"Depending on whose personality is stronger, one can more easily psych the other"(Harold C. Schonberg)“个性更强的人能更轻易地在心理上压过别人”(哈罗德C.绍恩伯格)〔harm〕Physical or psychological injury or damage.伤害：身体或心理上的损害或伤害〔impaired〕an impaired child in need of special assistance.一位身体或心理上有缺陷，需要特别协助的孩子〔sensibility〕Mental or emotional responsiveness toward something, such as the feelings of another.感性：对某一事物心理上或感情上的反应能力，例如对别人的感情〔emotion〕An intense mental state that arises subjectively rather than through conscious effort and is often accompanied by physiological changes; a strong feeling:冲动：由主观引起而非理智作用的一种强烈的感情状态，并且经常伴有心理上的变化；一种强烈的感觉：〔withdraw〕To adjust physiologically and mentally to this discontinuation.在生理上和心理上调整以适应戒毒〔psych〕The coach psyched the team before the game.教练在赛前使队员在心理上充分作好准备〔tetched〕Somewhat unbalanced mentally; touched.神经兮兮的：心理上某种程度不平衡的；疯疯癫癫的〔dynamic〕A force, especially political, social, or psychological:动力：一种动力，尤指政治的、社会的或心理上的：〔confidence〕These nouns denote a feeling of emotional security resulting from faith in oneself.这些名词都意味着由于对自己的信心而产生的心理上的安全感。〔habituation〕Psychological dependence on a drug.成瘾：心理上对毒品的依赖〔noticeable〕Striking describes something that seizes the attention and produces a vivid impression on the sight or the mind: Striking 指那些在视觉和心理上引起注意和产生鲜明印象的事物： 〔discern〕To recognize or comprehend mentally.理解，了解：从心理上认识或理解〔impaired〕People who have a physical or mental disability considered as a group:身心障碍者：一群拥有身体或心理上缺陷的人：〔Mauriac〕French writer many of whose novels, notablyThérèse Desqueyroux (1927), are psychological studies of temptation, sin, and redemption in the lives of bourgeois characters. He won the 1952 Nobel Prize for literature. 莫里亚克，弗朗索瓦：(1885-1970) 法国作家，其著名作品《黛丽丝德克罗》 （1927年）对资产阶级人物生活中的诱惑、罪恶和赎罪进行了心理上的研究。他获得1952年的诺贝尔文学奖 〔receive〕To perceive or acquire mentally:感受，获知：心理上看透或获得：〔impaired〕Having a physical or mental disability:身心障碍的：拥有身体或心理上缺陷：〔intellectualize〕To avoid psychological insight into (an emotional problem) by performing an intellectual analysis.理智化：通过进行理性的分析来避免对（情感问题的）心理上的洞悉〔grueling〕Physically or mentally demanding to the point of exhaustion:折磨的，使精疲力尽的：对生理或心理上的要求达到极限的：〔choirboy〕"They're . . . choirboys—clean, scrubbed nothings—so there's no dramatic or psychological preparation for the explosion of killing"(Pauline Kael)“他们是…好青年——整洁、品行端正。所以对于突然发生的大屠杀没有任何心理上的准备”(保利娜·克尔)〔anaclisis〕Psychological dependence on others.心理上依赖他人〔habituate〕To cause physiological or psychological habituation, as to a drug.上瘾：引起生理或心理上的成瘾，比如对毒品〔digest〕To absorb or assimilate mentally.领会：心理上吸收或同化〔perspective〕A mental view or outlook:设想，展望：心理上的观点或展望：〔withdrawal〕The physiological and mental readjustment that accompanies such discontinuation.适应戒毒：伴随戒毒的生理和心理上的适应〔moral〕Having psychological rather than physical or tangible effects:精神上的：心理上的而不是身体或实体影响的：〔identify〕In the sense "to associate or affiliate (oneself) closely with a person or group,”identify has developed two distinct subsenses. In one, the verb suggests a psychological empathy with the feelings or experiences of another person,as inMost young readers readily identify (or identify themselves ) with Holden Caulfield. This usage derives originally from psychoanalytic writing,where it has a specific technical sense,but like other terms from that field,it was widely regarded as jargon when introduced into the wider discourse.In particular,critics seized on the fact that in this sense the verb was often used intransitively,with no reflexive pronoun.As Wilson Follett wrote in 1966,"The critic . . . could help restore the true notion in these words if he would give upidentifying at large and resume identifying himself with Ivan Karamazov, Don Quixote, Mary Poppins, or whomever.” In recent years, however, this use ofidentify with without the reflexive has become a standard locution. Eighty-two percent of the Usage Panel accepts the sentenceI find it hard to identify with any of his characters; whereas only 63 percent now accepts this same usage when the reflexive pronoun is used,as inI find it hard to identify myself with any of his characters. · Omission of the reflexive with this use ofidentify serves among other things to distinguish it from use of the verb to mean "to associate (oneself) with the goals, interests, or principles of a group.” This use of the verb can be traced back to the 18th century,but it is now somewhat less acceptable to the Panel than the first sense under discussion:58 percent of the Panel accepts the sentenceShe identified herself with the campaign against drug abuse, and only 40 percent acceptsShe identified with the campaign against drug abuse, where no reflexive pronoun is used. 在“使（自己）密切联系或依附于别人”这一意思中的。identify 一词又有两种不同的含义。 第一，这个动词表现了对其他人的感情或经历在心理上的认同，例如大多数青年读者很快认同了 （或 identify themselves ) 霍尔顿·科尔菲德。 这种用法来源于有关心理分析的著作，在这些著作中，这个词具有特殊的科技含义，不过就象从该领域引入的其它词语一样，这个词在日常生活使用中还带有专业术语的痕迹。特别指出的是，批评家们在发现这个词常常作为不及物动词来用，后面不带反身代词。正如威尔逊·福勒特1966年写到的，“如果评论家们很早就全面放弃identifying 而重新使用 identifying himself with 伊万·卡拉玛佐夫、堂吉诃德、玛丽·波普斯等人物，那就会有助于探询出这些词的真实含意。” 不过，近年来使用identify with 中间不加反身代词已成为一种标准搭配。 用法专题小组中82%的成员认为我觉得很难认同于他小说中的人物 一句是正确的； 而现在只有63%的成员接受使用反身代词来表达同一意思的句子，即I find it hard to identify myself with any of his characters。 省略反身代词以及其它一些方法，使identify 这种用法区别于它作为动词在“与某个集团的目标、利益或原则相联系”一句中的意思。 它作为动词的用法可追溯到18世纪，不过对于用法专题小组来说它没有第一种解释那样被易于接受：58%的小组成员接受她支持反对滥用药物的运动 这一说法， 只有40%的成员接受不要反身代词的She identified with the campaign against drug abuse 这一说法 |
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