| 动词短语 |
| brush against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S] | (touch lightly in passing) | 轻触
qīng chù |
| bump against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S] | (collide with [sth/sb]) | 撞上
zhuàng shàng |
| come up against [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep | (encounter: opposition, obstacle) | 遭到…的反对
zāo dào … de fǎn duì |
| | The work is behind schedule because we came up against some unexpected problems. |
| come up against [sb] vi phrasal + prep | (compete with [sb]) | 遇到
yù dào |
| | | 面对
miàn duì |
| | Davies will come up against last year's champion in the semi-final of the competition. |
| demonstrate against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S] | (protest publicly about) | 游行示威（反对…）
yóu xíng shì wēi （ fǎn duì …） |
| | Protesters are demonstrating against the government. |
| guard against [sth] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S] | (prevent) | 保护，保卫
|
| | | 防御，防卫
|
| | Wear a sunhat to guard against sunburn. |
| hold [sth] against [sb] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S] | (resent [sb] for [sth]) | 因某事怨恨某人
yīn mǒu shì yuàn hèn mǒu rén |
| | They still hold my past mistakes against me. |
| hold out against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | (continue to resist) | 持续抵抗
|
| | | 持续抵制
|
| | The remote mountain village held out against the foreign armies. I'm holding out against joining Facebook. |
| kick against [sth] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S] | (rebel against or resist) | 反抗
fǎn kàng |
| | | 对抗
duì kàng |
| | Jesse has always had a tendency to kick against authority. |
| lash out against [sb] vi phrasal + prep | (attack verbally) | 猛然怒斥
měng rán nù chì |
| | | 严厉斥责
yán lì chì zé |
| | She bottles up her anger towards her mother and then lashes out against her husband for no reason. |
| march against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S] | (demonstrate, protest about) | 向…进军
xiàng … jìn jūn |
| | The protesters went to Washington to march against increased taxes. |
| rise up against [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (revolt, protest) | 起义反抗
|
| | | 造反
zào fǎn |
| | The oppressed people will rise up against their autocratic government. |
| | 受压迫的民众起义反抗专制的政府。 |
| rise up against vi phrasal + prep | | 奋起反抗
fèn qǐ fǎn kàng |
| | The people of Mexico rose up against the dictator. |
| run up against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal 3-part | (face challenge) | 面对...的挑战
|
| | | 遭遇了...
|
| | The explorers ran up against some serious problems when the weather suddenly worsened. |
| set [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sepphrasal verb, transitive, separable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, divisible--for example, "call off" [=cancel], "call the game off," "call off the game." | (cause to oppose [sb] or [sth]) | 使某人与…对立
shǐ mǒu rén yǔ duì lì |
| | Please don't set him against me by spreading rumors that I talk about him behind his back. |
| 复合形式： |
| advise against [sth] vi + prep | (warn [sth] is unwise) | 忠告
zhōng gào |
| | | 建议（某人不要…）
jiàn yì （ mǒu rén bú yào …） |
| | I'd advise against that course of action. |
| advise [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep | (warn [sb] [sth] is unwise) | 建议某人不要做某事
jiàn yì mǒu rén bú yào zuò mǒu shì |
| | I'd advise you against that approach, which can be costly. |
| against all odds advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very rare," "happening now," "fall down." | (highly improbably) | 几率很低
|
| | Julie fell out of the moving train. She survived against all odds. |
| against expectations advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very rare," "happening now," "fall down." | (surprisingly) | 出乎意料，在意料之外
|
against his will,
against her will advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very rare," "happening now," "fall down." | (in opposition to wishes) | 违背他的意愿
wéi bèi tā de yì yuàn |
| | Abby was taken to the cabin in the woods against her will. |
| against the clock advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very rare," "happening now," "fall down." | (under pressure of time) | 抢时间
qiǎngshí jiān |
| | | 争分夺秒
zhēng fēn duó miǎo |
| | It's seems as though I am always working against the clock! These deadlines are ridiculous. |
| against the law adjadjective: Describes a noun or pronoun--for example, "a tall girl," "an interesting book," "a big house." | (illegal) | 违法的
wéi fǎ de |
| | Smoking marijuana is against the law. |
| against the law advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very rare," "happening now," "fall down." | (illegally) | 违法
wéi fǎ |
| | He was driving against the law as he had just guzzled down seven pints of beer. |
| against time adjadjective: Describes a noun or pronoun--for example, "a tall girl," "an interesting book," "a big house." | (under pressure of time) | 抢时间的
qiǎng shí jiān de |
| | | 争分夺秒的
zhēng fēn duó miǎo de |
| | Residents are in a race against time as flood waters begin to crest along the river. |
| against time advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very rare," "happening now," "fall down." | (under pressure of time) | 抢时间地
qiǎng shí jiān de |
| | | 争分夺秒地
zhēng fēn duó miǎo de |
| | They're racing against time to find a cure for her illness. |
balance [sth] with [sth],
balance [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (offset) | 用…平衡…，用…来补偿…
|
| | | 用…来抵消…
|
| | Mindy balanced her long hours at work with a visit to the spa. |
| | 明迪用做水疗来平衡长时间工作。 |
| battle against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (strenuously oppose) (与事) | 与…做斗争，与…抗争
|
| | He battled in vain against the factory closures. |
| battle against [sb] vi + prep | figurative (strenuously oppose) (与人) | 与…做斗争，与…抗争
|
| | Ed Miliband battled against his brother David for leadership of the Labour party. |
| bear a grudge against [sb] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (be resentful) | 怀恨在心
huái hèn zài xīn |
| | Fred bore a grudge against his brothers. |
| bear a grudge against [sb] for [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (be resentful) | 怀恨在心
huái hèn zài xīn |
| | Julie bears a grudge against her neighbour for cutting down a hedge that was actually on Julie's property. |
| bear false witness against [sb] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (Bible: lie about [sb]) (圣经) | 作假见证陷害（某人），说谎陷害（某人）
|
| | You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. |
| bear witness against [sb] vtr + n | (testify) | 为...作证
|
| | | 做...的目击证人
|
| | A wife cannot be forced to bear witness against her husband. |
| bet against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (assume [sth] will fail) | 打赌...不会发生
|
| | | 断定...会失败
|
| | I wouldn't bet against his getting the promotion. |
| bet against [sth] vi + prep | (wager against [sth]) | 打赌...不会赢
|
| | | 下注...会输
|
| | Oscar lost his money because he bet against the winning horse. |
| bias against [sth/sb] nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. | (prejudice: against) | 对…的偏见
duì de piān jiàn |
| | | 对…的成见
|
| | | 对…的歧视
|
| | The manager was fired because of his bias against women. |
| | 因为对女性的偏见，那个经理被开除了。 |
| bias [sb] against [sb/sth]⇒ vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (prejudice [sb] against) | 使…对…产生偏见
|
| | The media may have biased people against voting for Taylor. |
| buck against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (reject, oppose) | 坚决反对
jiān jué fǎn duì |
| | | 坚持拒绝
|
| | Congress bucked against the president's proposal. |
| butt up against [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (be adjacent to) | 边缘与...相接
|
| | | 与...前后接连
|
| | The decorative moulding butts up against the door. |
| campaign against [sth] vi + prep | (protest against [sth]) | 开展反对…的运动
|
| | The Abolitionists were campaigning against the slave trade. |
| | 废奴主义者开展了反对奴隶贸易的运动。 |
| caution against [sth] vi + prep | (warn against [sth]) | 告诫
gào jiè |
| | | 警告
jǐng gào |
| | The doctor cautioned against eating too many sweets. |
| check [sth] against [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (compare, contrast two things) | 拿…比照
|
| | Shannon checked her calendar against her boss's to see if there were any conflicts. |
| compete against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (sports, competition: try to beat) (竞赛等) | 与…竞争，与…对抗
|
| | Edwards will be competing against some of the best athletes in the world. |
| contend against [sb] vi + prep | formal (oppose, esp. legally) | 与…抗争
|
| | | 与…斗争
yǔ … dòu zhēng |
| count against [sb] vi + prep | (be detrimental) | （被）认为对…不利
bèi rèn wéi duì bú lì |
| | His criminal record will count against him when he starts applying for jobs. |
| crash against [sth] vi + prep | (hit hard) | 猛撞，猛击
|
| | Waves crashed against the shore. |
| crime against humanity nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. | often plural (atrocity) | 危害人类罪
wēi hài rén lèi zuì |
| | | 反人性罪
fǎn rén xìng zuì |
| | Genocide is a crime against humanity. |
| crusade against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (campaign against, oppose) | 与...斗争，讨伐...
|
| | She's always crusading against injustice, wherever she finds it. |
dash [sth] against [sth],
dash [sth] into [sth] vtr + prep | (throw [sth] against) | 把...猛掷在...上
|
| | | 把...向...猛扔去
|
| | Janet dashed the plate against the wall. |
| dash against [sth] vi + prep | (strike) | 撞向
|
| | | 冲向
chōng xiàng |
| | Waves dashed against the shore. |
| dead against [sb/sth] adj + prep | informal (totally opposed to) | 坚决反对
jiān jué fǎn duì |
| | I wanted to go to Art School, but my parents were dead against it. |
| decide against (doing) [sth] vi + prep | (choose not to) | 决定不做
|
| | | 选择不做
|
| | I decided against going on holiday this year, since I had just lost my job. |
declare war on [sb/sth],
declare war against [sb/sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (state intention to make war with) | 向…宣战
|
| | France declared war on Prussia on July 19, 1870. On July 28th 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia. |
| | 法国在1870年7月19日向普鲁士王国宣战。1914年7月28日，奥匈帝国向塞尔维亚宣战。 |
| discriminate against [sb] vi + prep | (show prejudice against) | 歧视
qí shì |
| | It is illegal to discriminate against someone because of his or her age. |
| fight against [sth] vi + prep | (contend) | 与...斗争
|
| | He fought against the new regulations. |
| | 他与新的规定作斗争。 |
| find against vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (law: rule opposed to [sb]'s position) (法律) | 作出（不利的）判决，作出对…不利的宣判
|
| | The jury found against the defendants, who were ordered to pay millions of dollars in damages. |
| fulminate against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (denounce, criticize strongly) | 强烈斥责
qiáng liè chì zé |
| | | 严厉谴责
yán lì qiǎn zé |
| | | 愤怒驳斥
fèn nù bó chì |
| go against vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (not comply with) | 违背
wéi bèi |
| | | 不遵守
bù zūn shǒu |
| | If you go against his wishes, he will make things difficult for you. |
| go against vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (be in opposition to) | 反对
fǎn duì |
| | | 与…相对
yǔ … xiāng duì |
| | To go against the mob takes courage. |
| go against the grain v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | figurative (be unconventional) | 违反常理
|
| | | 不合常规
|
| go against the grain v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | figurative (be uncharacteristic) | 违反个人的本性
|
| | | 违反自己的原则
|
| | Your acting dishonestly certainly goes against the grain. |
| guard against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (be cautious) | 小心
xiǎo xīn |
| | | 警惕
jǐng tì |
| | The travel agent had warned Beth to guard against pickpockets when she traveled abroad. |
| | 那位旅游代理警告贝丝，要她出国旅游的时候小心扒手。 |
| have a bias against vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (be prejudiced against) | 对…有偏见
duì yǒu piān jiàn |
| | They have a bias against assertive women. |
| hold a grudge against [sb] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (resent: [sb]) | 怨恨…，对…怀恨在心
|
| | Peter holds a grudge against his co-worker, who received the promotion that Peter was hoping for. |
| hold it against [sb] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | informal (bear a grudge) (因过去之事而) | 记恨某人
|
| | She insulted him years ago, and he still holds it against her. |
| hold [sth] against [sb]⇒ viintransitive verb: Verb not taking a direct object--for example, "She jokes." "He has arrived." | (hold a grudge) | 因某事而对某人有怨气
yīn mǒu shì ér duì mǒu rén yǒu yuàn qì |
| | I won't hold it against you if you don't want to join me. |
immunize [sb] against [sth],
also UK: immunise [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep | (vaccinate [sb] against [sth]) | 为…接种防止…的疫苗
|
| | Children in the U.S. are all immunized against polio. |
| indemnify [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (insure: against [sth]) | 保证赔偿
|
| inveigh against [sth] vi + prep | formal (attack or criticize [sb] verbally) | 猛烈抨击
měng liè pēng jī |
| | | 痛斥
tòng chì |
| | The priest inveighed against premarital sex. |
| | 牧师猛烈抨击了婚前性行为。 |
labor against [sth] (US),
labour against [sth] (UK) vi + prep | (work to prevent) | 努力防止
|
| | We must continue to labor against this discrimination. |
| lean against [sth] vi + prep | (for support) | 倚靠在…上
|
| | He felt dizzy and had to lean against the wall for support. |
| lean against vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (prop [sth] up on [sth]) | 没有提供翻译
|
| | The thief leaned his ladder against the wall of the house. |
| lean against [sth] vi + prep | (be propped against [sth]) | 靠着
kào zhe |
| | | 倚着
yǐ zhe |
| | The board is leaning against the wall. |
| measure [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | figurative (compare) | 把…和…相比
|
| | The new president's success would always be measured against his predecessor's. |
| nestle against [sb/sth] vi + prep | (get cosy) | 依偎
yī wēi |
| | | 安顿
ān dùn |
| | | 安顿
ān dùn |
| | The baby bird nestled against his mother. |
| nestle [sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (body part: press closely) | 将 头、脸、肩膀等贴靠在
|
| | Ben nestled his chin against his girlfriend's shoulder. |
| nuzzle⇒ vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (snuggle up) | 依偎着
yī wēi zhe |
| | | 紧靠在
|
| offend against [sth] vi + prep | (rule, law: break) | 违反法律、规则等
|
| offset [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (counterbalance [sth] with [sth]) | 使…和…互相抵消
|
| pit [sb/sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (set to compete or fight) | 让…与…较量
|
| | This match pits the titleholder against a complete unknown. |
| pitted against [sb] adj + prep | (in competition with) | 与…竞争
yǔ … jìng zhēng |
| | | 与…竞赛
|
| pitting [sb/sth] against [sb]/ [sth] nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. | (placing in opposition) | 使...相抵
|
| | | 使...相竞争
|
| | | 使...对立
|
| | | 使...相较量
|
| play against vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (have as an opponent) | 与…比赛
yǔ bǐ sài |
| | Every time I play against Tom, he beats me in every game. |
| prejudice against [sb/sth] nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. | (bias: hostility) | 对…的偏见
duì de piān jiàn |
| | We should distinguish between prejudice against people and active discrimination. |
| | 我们应当将对人们的偏见和主动歧视区分开来。 |
| prejudice [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (make hostile to) | 使…产生不利于…的偏见
|
| | The influence of the extreme right wing has prejudiced the party's more moderate elements against ethnic minorities. |
| | 极右势力的影响使党派中较为持中的分子也产生了不利于少数民族的偏见。 |
| prejudice [sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (bias against) | 使…对…产生偏见
|
| | | 使…对…带有偏见
|
| | The negative reports have prejudiced public opinion against the actor. |
| prejudice [sth] against [sb] vtr + prep | (case: damage, harm) (法律) | 给某人某事带来损害，对某人某事造成不利
|
| | Media coverage is thought to have prejudiced the case against him. |
| | 人们认为，媒体报道给他的案子带来了损害。 |
| press charges against [sb] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end." | (accuse [sb] formally) | 控告
kòng gào |
| | | 将...告上法庭
|
| | The mining company pressed charges against the strikers. |
| proof against [sth] adj + prep | (protected) | 可以抵抗…的
|
| | | 能防…的
|
| | It seems that nothing on the internet is proof against determined hackers. |
protest,
protest about [sth],
protest against [sth] vi + prep | (complain about) | 抗议
kàng yì |
| | | 异议，反对
|
| | The staff protested about having to work on a public holiday. |
| | 工作人员抗议在公共节假日加班。 |
| provide against vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (guarantee or insure against) | 没有提供翻译
|
| | We keep a cellar full of canned food to provide against shortages. |
| race against time nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. | (urgent task) | 与时间赛跑
yǔ shí jiān sài pǎo |
| | We're in a race against time: the deadline's close of business today! |
| rage against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (be angry about) | 对...感到愤怒
|
| | | 因...发怒
|
| | The villagers raged against the proposed new housing development. |
| | 村民们对新提出的住房发展计划感到愤怒。 |
rail,
rail (against) viintransitive verb: Verb not taking a direct object--for example, "She jokes." "He has arrived." | (criticise harshly) | 严厉责备
yán lì zé bèi |
| react against [sth] vi + prep | (respond negatively to [sth]) | 反抗
fǎn kàng |
| | | 反其道而行
|
| | Martha reacted against her parents' strict morals by becoming a rebel. |
redeem [sth] for [sth],
redeem [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (coupon: exchange for) | 用（赠券等）兑换
|
| | Roberta redeemed a voucher for a bottle of wine at the supermarket. |
| | 罗贝塔在超市用赠券兑换了一瓶红酒。 |
reinoculate,
reinoculate [sb] against [sth] vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say something." "She found the cat." | (vaccinate again) (疫苗) | 为…再次接种，为…重新接种
|
| revolt against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (rebel, protest) | 反抗
fǎn kàng |
| | The students revolted against the school's new dress code. |
| rise against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (resist, protest against) | 没有提供翻译
|
| | The slaves plan to rise against their masters. |
| run against [sb] vi + prep | (oppose in election) | 同…竞选
|
set [sth] in [sth],
set [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | often passive (story: locate, place) (故事、电影等) | 以…为…的背景
|
| | Helena set her story against the backdrop of the Second World War. The novel is set in 19th-century Paris. |